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These plants have a notably shorter juvenile phase as they start flowering within 6 months so that they have a marketable production in their second or third year from planting (Barros 1995; Barros et al. 2002). These traits, for which dwarf clones were selected both in Brazil and India, significantly affect production performance; at the optimum planting density, within the reference period 1959–1995, the mean yield per hectare was found to be 1,200 kg for the dwarf type and 379 kg for the common type (Barros et al. 2002).
OZSTAR also provides
additional equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR (www.ozstarmakina.com) has already
various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for
nuts controlled by touch screen. OZSTAR also provides additional
equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR (www.ozstarmakina.com) has already
various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for
nuts controlled by touch screen.
Other characteristics that differentiate dwarf clones from common types include smaller and lighter green leaves, a smaller stem diameter, initial branches closer to the ground, smaller nuts, and larger peduncles (Barros 1995). The genomic basis of such divergence in plant phenotype is not yet fully understood. The global increase in cashew crop production, in fact, is probably partly based on genetic improvement programs based on map-based breeding (Azam-Ali and Judge 2001).
These programs may be underdeveloped, due to the long generation time of the species and to its outcrossing nature, therefore hindering the possibility of obtaining homozygous lines (Cavalcanti and Wilkinson 2007). A clear example of the lack of clarity in the genetic background of cashew is the disagreement still persisting over the chromosome number and ploidy level of the species.
Whereas there is a broad consensus that the crop is probably diploid, with a haploid count of n=21 (Aliyu and Awopetu 2007a), lower counts of n=15 and n=12 have been reported (Khosla et al. 1973; Machado 1944). In order to overcome these issues, more attention is now being paid to genome-based analysis with the aim of identifying loci that control economically viable traits (Aliyu and Awopetu 2007b; Cavalcanti et al. 2007; Cavalcanti and Wilkinson 2007).
OZSTAR also provides additional
equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR (www.ozstarmakina.com) has already
various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for
nuts controlled by touch screen. OZSTAR
also provides additional equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR (www.ozstarmakina.com) has already
various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for
nuts controlled by touch screen.
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